A very naive implementation of Redux using Combine BindableObject to serve as an example
In this little guide, I'll show you two ways to access your proprerties from your state, one very naive, which works by using direct access to store.state global or injected @EnvironmentObject and the other one if you want to use ConnectedView.
You first have to make a struct which will contain your application state and it needs to conform to FluxState. You can add any substate you want.
import SwiftUIFlux
struct AppState: FluxState {
var moviesState: MoviesState
}
struct MoviesState: FluxState, Codable {
var movies: [Int: Movie] = [:]
}
struct Movie: Codable, Identifiable {
let id: Int
let original_title: String
let title: String
}The second piece you'll need is your app main reducer, and any substate reducer you need.
import SwiftUIFlux
func appStateReducer(state: AppState, action: Action) -> AppState {
var state = state
state.moviesState = moviesStateReducer(state: state.moviesState, action: action)
return state
}
func moviesStateReducer(state: MoviesState, action: Action) -> MoviesState {
var state = state
switch action {
case let action as MoviesActions.SetMovie:
state.movies[action.id] = action.movie
default:
break
}
return state
}Finally, you have to add you Store which will contain you current application state AppState as a global constant.
let store = Store<AppState>(reducer: appStateReducer,
middleware: nil,
state: AppState())You instantiate with your initial application state and your main reducer function.
And now the part where you inject it in your SwiftUI app.
The most common way to do it is in your SceneDelegate when your initiate your view hierarchy is created. You should use the provided StoreProvider to wrap you whole app root view hiearchy inside it. It'll auto magically inject the store as an @EnvironmentObject in all your views.
class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate {
var window: UIWindow?
func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
if let windowScene = scene as? UIWindowScene {
let window = UIWindow(windowScene: windowScene)
let controller = UIHostingController(rootView:
StoreProvider(store: store) {
HomeView()
})
window.rootViewController = controller
self.window = window
window.makeKeyAndVisible()
}
}
}From there, there are two ways to access your state properties.
In any view where you want to access your application state, you can do it using @EnvironmentObject
struct MovieDetail : View {
@EnvironmentObject var store: Store<AppState>
let movieId: Int
var movie: Movie {
return store.state.moviesState.movies[movieId]
}
//MARK: - Body
var body: some View {
ZStack(alignment: .bottom) {
List {
MovieBackdrop(movieId: movie.id)
// ...
}
}
}
}This is the naive, brutal, not so redux compliant way, but it works.
Note that any view where you add explicilty add @EnvironmentObject var store: Store<AppState>will be redraw anywhere it's needed as your state is updated. The diff is done at the view level by SwiftUI.
And it's efficient enough that this library don't have to provide custom subscribers or a diffing mechanism. This is where it shine compared to a UIKit implementation.
You can also use ConnectedView, this is the new prefered way to do it as it feels more redux like. But the end result is exactly the same. You just have a better separation of concerns, no wild call to store.state and proper local properties.
struct MovieDetail : ConnectedView {
struct Props {
let movie: Movie
}
let movieId: Int
func map(state: AppState, dispatch: @escaping DispatchFunction) -> Props {
return Props(movie: state.moviesState.movies[movieId]!)
}
func body(props: Props) -> some View {
ZStack(alignment: .bottom) {
List {
MovieBackdrop(movieId: props.movie)
// ...
}
}
}
}You have to implement a map function which convert properties from your state to local view props. And also a new body method which will provide you with your computed props at render time.
You can look at more complexe examples from my app here and there.
At some point, you'll need to make changes to your state, for that you need to create and dispatch Action
AsyncAction is available as part of this library, and is the right place to do network query, it'll be executed by an internal middleware when you dispatch it.
You can then chain any action when you get a result or an error.
struct MoviesActions {
struct FetchDetail: AsyncAction {
let movie: Int
func execute(state: FluxState?, dispatch: @escaping DispatchFunction) {
APIService.shared.GET(endpoint: .movieDetail(movie: movie))
{
(result: Result<Movie, APIService.APIError>) in
switch result {
case let .success(response):
dispatch(SetDetail(movie: self.movie, movie: response))
case .failure(_):
break
}
}
}
}
struct SetDetail: Action {
let movie: Int
let movie: Movie
}
}And then finally, you can dispatch them, if you look at the code of the reducer at the begining of this readme, you'll see how actions are reduced. The reducer is the only function where you are allowed to mutate your state.
As everything in the AppState are Swift struct, you actually return a new copy of your state, which is aligned with the Redux achitecture.
struct MovieDetail : View {
@EnvironmentObject var store: Store<AppState>
let movieId: Int
var movie: Movie {
return store.state.moviesState.movies[movieId]
}
func fetchMovieDetails() {
store.dispatch(action: MoviesActions.FetchDetail(movie: movie.id))
}
//MARK: - Body
var body: some View {
ZStack(alignment: .bottom) {
List {
MovieBackdrop(movieId: movie.id)
// ...
}
}.onAppear {
self.fetchMovieDetails()
}
}
}